Swarm is a distributed storage platform and content distribution service, a native base layer service of the ethereum web3 stack. The primary objective of Swarm is to provide a decentralized and redundant store for dapp code and data as well as block chain and state data. Swarm is also set out to provide various base layer services for web3, including node-to-node messaging, media streaming, decentralised database services and scalable state-channel infrastructure for decentralised service economies.
Redundant storage: local replication and erasure coding ensures data availability even in the face of node dropouts or data loss.
Sites cannot be 'taken down': data is stored throughout the network without vulnerable central hubs.
Fully decentralised peer-to-peer network is more resilient against DDoS than any centralised system.
Redundancy ensures that the network continues to deliver data even when individual nodes go offline.
Built-in incentive system ensures the network's economic viability.
From the end user's perspective, Swarm is not that different from the world wide web. In the background, the difference is that content is hosted on a peer-to-peer storage network instead of individual servers. This peer-to-peer network is self-sustaining due to a built-in incentive system which uses peer-to-peer accounting and allows trading resources for payment. Swarm is designed to deeply integrate with the devp2p multiprotocol network layer of Ethereum as well as with the Ethereum blockchain for domain name resolution, service payments and content availability insurance.
The simplest way to install Swarm on Ubuntu distributions is via the built in launchpad PPAs (Personal Package Archives). We provide a single PPA repository that contains our stable releases for Ubuntu versions trusty, xenial, artful, bionic and cosmic.
sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:ethereum/ethereum
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ethereum-swarm
The latest Swarm source code can be found on Github: https://github.com/ethersphere/swarm.
To build Swarm from source, you'll need to ensure that you have Go 1.11 installed (or latest version).
go get -d github.com/ethersphere/swarm
go install github.com/ethersphere/swarm/cmd/swarm
The official Swarm Docker image including documentation on how to run it can be found at https://github.com/ethersphere/swarm-docker or pulled from ethdevops/swarm.
You can find pre-packaged builds of stable and unstable versions of Swarm on our Downloads page.
Swarm documentation can be found at https://swarm-guide.readthedocs.io.
Since Swarm is under active development, new features are constantly being added, tweaked and fine-tuned. In order to keep the documentation relatively up to date, the community is encouraged to contribute to the guide by submitting pull requests to the Documentation repository.
Swarm is under active development.
Proof-of-Concept 0.3 was released in June, 2018.
Proof-of-Concept 0.4 was released in May, 2019.
The ethersphere orange paper series is an attempt to provide an umbrella for sharing and publishing technical reports of the ongoing research on formal foundations of web3 base layer infrastructure. Our aim is to foster synergy and collaboration between various groups and individuals working in the ethersphere. The Orange of the orange paper pays hommage to the yellow paper but tainted with the blood sweat and tears of cutting edge research.
Scalable distributed storage solution and content distribution network
A decentralised permissionless cloud storage service with optimal resource
allocation which is self-sustaining due to built-in economic incentives. It guarantees data integrity and
availability. Users retain sovereign control over their data while enjoying the frictionless experience of
accessing it globally.
Access control and Authentication
Access to encrypted content using a shared passphrase, a public-private key pair
or an innovative scalable access control system (ACT) offering users sovereign control over private data as
well as scalable user authentication for dapps.
Secure real-time node-to-node push messaging
Send messages real-time between online nodes. The messaging protocol is part of the
Web3 Communication Layer.
Asynchronous pull messaging
Publish and discover updates to a topic. Allows publishers to advertise new versions
of a mutable resource, allows consumers to discover and subscribe to updates. The feed protocol forms
part of the Web3 Communication Layer
Accounting and accountability
Program economic incentives to drive a service network. SW3 is a base layer
infrastructure including the SW3 smart-contract suite for decentralised service economies.
Trustless database services
Represent and manage your data using infinitely scalable data structures.
Past Swarm-related presentations
| Descr. | Links | Vids | |
| An hour and a half deep dive into technological basis of Swarm, the vision of web3, p2p and blockchain and more. | Oktahedron podcast. Swarm with Viktor Trón. | - | - |
| Nick Johnson: Ethereum Name System | DevCon2, Shanghai, 19th Sep 2016 | - | |
| Viktor Trón, Aron Fischer: Swap, Swear and Swindle. Swarm Incentivisation. | DevCon2, Shanghai, 19th Sep 2016. | ||
| Viktor Trón: Towards Web3 Infrastructure. | Viktor Trón: Towards Web3 Infrastructure. DevCon2, Shanghai, 19th Sep 2016. | ||
| Dániel A. Nagy: Developing Scalable Decentralized Applications for Swarm and Ethereum | DevCon2, Shanghai, 19th Sep 2016 | - | |
| Viktor Trón, Aron Fischer: Swarm. | Ethereum Meetup, pre-DevCon edition, Amsterdam, 30th Aug 2016. | - | |
| Viktor Trón, Aron Fischer: blockchain and web3. | Institute for Information Law - University of Amsterdam, 2nd Sep 2016. | - | |
| Viktor Trón, Aron Fischer: The rise of the third web. | Bitcoin Wednesday Amsterdam #39, 7th Sept 2016. | - | |
| Aron Fischer, Dániel A. Nagy, Viktor Trón: Swarm - Ethereum. | Ethereum Meetup, Berlin, 25 May 2016. | ||
| Viktor Trón, Nick Johnson: Swarm, web3, and the Ethereum Name Service. | Ethereum meetup London, 9 June 2016. | ||
| Nagy Dániel, Trón Viktor: Ethereum és Swarm: okos szerződések és elosztott világháló. | Budapest Bitcoin Meetup. 20 June 2016. | ||
| Dániel Nagy: Swarm: Distributed storage for Ethereum, the Turing-complete blockchain. | Linux Piter Nov 2015. | ||
| Viktor Trón, Dániel A. Nagy: Swarm. Ethereum Devcon1, London, Nov 2015. | - | - | |
| Dániel A. Nagy: Keeping the public record safe and accessible. Ethereum Devcon0, Berlin, Dec 2014. | - | - |
| Descr. | Links |
| Ethereum's holy trinity takes shape as Swarm testnet arrives. | Ethereum's holy trinity takes shape as Swarm testnet arrives. Coindesk, Sep 25, 2016 |
| 9 must-watch talks at Ethereum's devcon2. | 9 must-watch talks at Ethereum's devcon2. Coindesk, Sep 25, 2016 |
| Ethereum's Viktor Trón talks about Swarm and the skeleton of Web 3.0. | Ethereum's Viktor Trón talks about Swarm and the skeleton of Web 3.0. Ian Alison, IBTimes UK. May 18, 2016 |
| Decentralized Storage: the Backbone of the Third Web. | Decentralized Storage: the Backbone of the Third Web. Arthur Falls on Consensys Blog. June 30, 2016 |
| Decentralised storage Swarm to be built on Ethereum blockchain. | Decentralised storage Swarm to be built on Ethereum blockchain. Alexey Tereshchenko. Coinfox. 11 May, 2016 |
The Swarm team is reachable on Gitter.
Discussions about Swarm on /r/ethswarm and /r/ethereum subreddits.
Please feel free to reach out via info@ethswarm.org